什么特殊疑问句
特殊疑问句是用疑问词开头的问句，和一般疑问句不同。一般疑问句用 Yes/No 回答，特殊疑问句要回答具体信息。
对比：
- 一般疑问句：Are you a student? → Yes, I am.
- 特殊疑问句：What are you? → I am a student.
一、常见疑问词
what（什么）
问事物、名字、颜色等
- What is this? This is a book.
- What color is it? It is red.
- What is your name? My name is Tom.
who（谁）
问人
- Who is he? He is my father.
- Who is that girl? She is my sister.
where（哪里）
问地点
- Where is the school? It is near the park.
- Where do you live? I live in Beijing.
when（什么时候）
问时间
- When do you get up? I get up at 7 o’clock.
- When is your birthday? It is in May.
why（为什么）
问原因
- Why are you late? Because I missed the bus.
- Why do you like dogs? Because they are cute.
how（怎样/如何）
问方式、程度
- How do you go to school? By bus.
- How old are you? I am 10.
- How many books do you have? I have five books.
二、特殊疑问句的结构
含be动词的结构
疑问词 + be动词 + 主语 + 其他？
- What is your name?
- Where is my book?
- Who are they?
含实义动词的结构
疑问词 + do/does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？
- What do you like? I like apples.
- Where does she live? She lives in Shanghai.
- How do they go to school? By bus.
含can的结构
疑问词 + can + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？
- What can you see? I can see a bird.
- Where can I find him? In the library.
三、疑问词对应答法
| 疑问词 | 问什么 | 怎么回答 |
|---|---|---|
| What | 事物、动作 | 具体事物或动作 |
| Who | 人 | 人名或关系 |
| Where | 地点 | 地点名称 |
| When | 时间 | 具体时间 |
| Why | 原因 | Because… |
| How | 方式 | 具体方式 |
| How many | 数量 | 具体数字 |
| How old | 年龄 | 具体年龄 |
| How much | 价格/不可数 | 具体价格或数量 |
四、how的多种搭配
- How old：问年龄 How old are you? I am 9.
- How many：问可数数量 How many books? Five.
- How much：问价格/不可数 How much is it? 10 yuan.
- How long：问长度/时间 How long is this ruler? 20 cm.
- How often：问频率 How often do you exercise? Every day.
- How far：问距离 How far is it? 2 kilometers.
五、常见错误
- 用 Yes/No 回答特殊疑问句
- 忘记用 does（第三人称单数时）
- 用了does后动词没有恢复原形（What does he likes?）
- 疑问词和be动词顺序搞错（Is where my book?）
常见问题
特殊疑问句和一般疑问句怎么区分？
看开头：特殊疑问句以疑问词开头，一般疑问句以be动词/do/can开头。看回答：特殊疑问句要答具体内容，一般疑问句用yes/no。
where和when经常搞混怎么办？
where问地点（w+here=哪里），when问时间（w+hen=什么时候）。记：where有"here"所以是"哪里"。
how many和how much有什么区别？
how many后面跟可数名词复数（how many apples），how much后面跟不可数名词（how much water）或问价格。